ISO 9660 Information processing — Volume and file structure of CD-ROM for information interchange
In this article, we’ll be discussing the ISO 9660 standard – specifically, how it defines the volume and file structure of a CD-ROM used for information interchange. This will include an overview of the standard, as well as how it’s been implemented in practice.
what is ISO 9660 Information processing — Volume and file structure of CD-ROM for information interchange
ISO 9660 is the standard file system for CDs and DVDs. It defines how files are structured on a disc and how data is stored and accessed.
The ISO 9660 file system was first published in 1988 and has undergone several revisions since then. The latest version, ISO 9660:2017, was published in December 2017.
This Standard file system is designed to be compatible with a wide range of operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, and many others.
One of the benefits of using the ISO 9660 file system is that it allows data to be read on a wide variety of devices, including CD-ROM drives, DVD players, and computers.
If you need to exchange data with someone who uses a different operating system, the ISO 9660 file system can make it easier to do so.
ISO 9660 Information processing — Volume and file structure of CD-ROM for information interchange
This ISO Standard information processing standard was created to govern the volume and file structure of CD-ROMs used for information interchange. Also, This standard is also known as the High Sierra Format.
This standard was first published in 1988, and it has been updated several times since then. In fact, The most recent version of the standard was published in 2015.
This Standard defines three different levels of compliance:
Level 1: All files must be stored in a contiguous sequence on the CD-ROM. Level 2: Files may be stored in non-contiguous sequences on the CD-ROM. Level 3: Files may be stored in non-contiguous sequences on the CD-ROM, and compression and encryption are allowed.
The vast majority of CD-ROMs use the ISO 9660 Level 1 or 2 formats. Level 3 is very rarely used.
This standard uses a hierarchical file system structure, similar to that used by Unix and other operating systems. This structure allows for easy navigation of the files on the CD-ROM.
Therefore, Each file on an ISO 9660 CD-ROM has a eight-character filename, followed by a three-character extension. The filename can
History of what is ISO 9660 Information processing
The first formal specification of this standard was published in 1988 by Ecma International. So, The original standard was based on the High Sierra Format file system used on early CD-ROM drives.
The goal of this standard was to provide a consistent and interoperable file system for CD-ROM drives. The standard was designed to be platform independent, so that it could be used on any type of computer system.
Today, the ISO 9660 standard is still used on many CD-ROM drives and is also supported by most operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Specifications of what is ISO 9660 Information processing
ISO 9660 file system
System area (32,768 B) Unused by ISO 9660
Data area
Volume descriptor set
Path tables, directories and files
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The ISO 9660 specification is the international standard for CD-ROM file systems. It defines the basic structure of a CD-ROM, including the layout of files and directories, and the naming conventions to be used.
Moreover, This Standard is a logical file system, which means that it does not specify the physical layout of the data on the disc. This allows for a wide variety of disc formats to be used, including DVD and Blu-ray discs.
The most common version of this standard is known as Level 1. This version is suitable for most purposes, and it is what is used on most commercial CDs and DVDs.
Level 2 of this standard adds support for longer filenames and Rock Ridge extensions. These extensions allow for Unix-style permissions and ownership to be stored on the disc.
Also, Level 3 of this standard is rarely used, as it adds support for Joliet extensions, which are incompatible with Level 1 and 2 discs.
There are also a number of other versions of ISO 9660, such as Microsoft’s Extended ASCII Version 3 (EAV3), which add support for Microsoft’s Joliet extensions.
Directories and files of what is ISO 9660 Information processing
The ISO 9660:1988 standard[1] (also known as CD-ROM filesystem) is the file system used on read-only optical discs. The standard is commonly used on CDs, CD-ROMs, and DVD-ROMs.
This standard was first published in 1988 and has been revised several times since then. So, The most recent revision is the ISO 9660:2018 standard, which was published in 2018.[2]
This ISO Standard file system defines two different kinds of files:
· Regular files: These are the files that contain the data that you want to store on a disc. Regular files can be of any size, but they are typically between 1 byte and 4 GB in size.
· Directories: Directories are used to organize the regular files on a disc. A directory can contain any number of regular files and other directories.
Therefore, A typical ISO 9660 disc contains a few hundred regular files and a few dozen directories. The exact number of files and directories depends on the size of the disc and the amount of data that you want to store on it.
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